Diferencia entre revisiones de «Touba (Senegal)»
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{{Ficha de entidad subnacional
[[Archivo:Touba moschee2.jpg|miniatura|150px|Interior de la Gran Mezquita de Touba.]]▼
|nombre_oficial = Touba
|nombre original = Ṭūbā • Tuubaa
|unidad = Ciudad
|tipo_superior_1 = [[Regiones de Senegal|Región]]
|superior_1 = [[Región de Diourbel|Diourbel]]
|tipo_superior_2 = [[Departamentos de Senegal|Departamento]]
|superior_2 = [[Departamento de Mbacké|Mbacké]]
|mapa_loc = Senegal
|fundación = [[1887]]
|superficie = 120
|población = 1500000
|población_año = 2018
|población_urb =
|población_met =
|gentilicio = toubiense
}}
'''Touba'''
Se trata de la ciudad sagrada del [[Muridismo]] y lugar de entierro de su fundador, Shaikh Aamadu Bàmba Mbàkke. Cerca de su tumba se encuentra
▲'''Touba''' ([[Idioma árabe|árabe]] ''Ṭūbā'' ''felicidad'') es una ciudad ubicada en [[Senegal]]. Tiene una población de 825 701 habitantes y con una área metropoliana de más de un millón de habitantes.
== History ==▼
▲Se trata de la ciudad sagrada del [[Muridismo]] y lugar de entierro de su fundador, Shaikh Aamadu Bàmba Mbàkke. Cerca de su tumba se encuentra una gran mezquita fechada en 1963.
▲==History==
[[Shaikh]] Aamadu Bàmba Mbàkke, commonly known as "Cheikh Amadou Bamba" ([[1853]]-[[1927]]), is said to have founded Touba under a large tree when, in a moment of transcendence, he experienced a cosmic vision of light. In Arabic, ''ṭūbā'' means "felicity" or "bliss" and evokes the sweet pleasures of eternal life in the hereafter. In [[Islam]]ic tradition, ''Ṭūbā'' is also the name of the [[tree of life|Tree of Paradise]]. In [[Sufism]], this symbolic tree represents an aspiration for [[spirituality|spiritual]] perfection and closeness to [[God]].
Aamadu Bàmba founded Touba in [[1887]]. The [[holy city|holy site]] remained a tiny, isolated place in the wilderness until his death and burial at the site of the Great Mosque, 40 years later. The Great Mosque was finally completed in [[1963]] and since its inauguration the city has grown at a rapid pace: from under
== Mouridism ==
{{
Touba is the [[holy city]] of Mouridism. Aamadu Bàmba Mbàkke, Senegal's most famous [[Sufi]], was more than a spiritual master; he had a social mission as well, that of rescuing society from [[French West Africa|colonial]] alienation and returning it to the "Straight Path" of [[Islam]]. The city of Touba played a major role in both these endeavors.
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For Mourides, Touba is a sacred place, protected from the corruption of the [[profane]] world. Forbidden in the holy city are all illicit and frivolous pursuits, such as the consumption of [[alcohol]] and [[tobacco]], the playing of games, music and dancing. The Mouride order maintains absolute control over its "capital" to the exclusion of usual state-run civil and administrative services. The city constitutes an administratively autonomous zone with special legal status within [[Senegal]]. Every aspect of its city’s life and growth is managed by the order independently of the state, including education, health, supply of drinking water, public works, administration of markets, land tenure, and real estate development.
== Great Mosque ==
At the heart of the Mouride holy city lies its Great Mosque, purported to be one of the largest in [[Africa]]. Since its completion in [[1963]] it has been continuously enlarged and embellished. The [[mosque]] has five minarets and three large domes and is the place where Amadou Bamba, founder of the Mouride brotherhood, lies buried. The mosque's {{convert|87|m|ft|0|sing=on|spell=us}} high central [[minaret]], called ''Lamp Fall'', is one of Senegal's most famous monuments. The name ''Lamp Fall'' is a reference to [[Ibrahima Fall|Sheikh Ibrahima Fall]], one of Bamba's most influential disciples.
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== Véase también ==
* [[Lugares sagrados]]
* [[Gran Mezquita de Touba]]
== Referencias ==
{{listaref}}
== Bibliografía ==
* Guèye, Cheikh. 2002. ''Touba: La capitale des Mourides''. Paris: Karthala.
* Ross, Eric S. 1995. "Touba: a spiritual metropolis in the modern world," ''Canadian Journal of African Studies'' 29.2.
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* [http://www.webislam.com/?idn=10841 Tuba, la Meca de Senegal]
* [http://www.alovelyworld.com/webseneg/htmgb/touba.htm Fotografías de Touba]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170518141922/http://alazhartouba.org/
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110728181419/http://www.wikimouridia.org/
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