Diferencia entre revisiones de «Alexandra David-Néel»

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'''Louise Eugénie Alexandrine Marie DavidDavijjjjd''' ({{Audio|LL-Q150 (fra)-Exilexi-Alexandra David-Néel.wav|//}} [[Saint-Mandé]], [[24 de octubre]] de [[1868]]-[[Digne-les-Bains]], [[8 de septiembre]] de [[1969]]), más conocida por su pseudónimo '''Alexandra David-Néel''', fue una [[orientalista]], [[cantante]] de [[ópera]], [[periodista]], [[Exploración geográfica|exploradora]], [[anarquista]], [[Espiritualismo (movimiento religioso)|espiritualista]], [[budista]] y [[escritora]] [[Francia|franco]]-[[belga]].{{refn|"At the same time, she joined various secret societies – she would reach the thirtieth degree in the mixed Scottish Rite of Freemasonry – while feminist and anarchist groups greeted her with enthusiasm...In 1899, she wrote an anarchist treatise prefaced by the anarchist geographer Elisée Reclus. Frightened publishers refused, however, to publish this book written by a woman so proud she could not accept any abuses by the State, army, Church or high finance."<ref>[http://alexandra-david-neel.com/9200Biography1.92.html Biography of Alexandra David-Néel at alexandra-david-neel.com] {{Wayback|url=http://alexandra-david-neel.com/9200Biography1.92.html |date=20140305054702 }}</ref>}}{{refn|"Mystic, anarchist, occultist and traveller, Louise Eugenie Alexandrine Marie David was born in Paris on the 24th of October 1868...In 1899, Alexandra composed an anarchist treatise with a preface by the French geographer and anarchist Elisée Reclus (1820–1905). Publishers were, however, too terrified to publish the book, though her friend Jean Haustont printed copies himself and it was eventually translated into five languages."<ref>[http://www.mysteriouspeople.com/Alex_David-Neel.htm "A Mystic in Tibet – Alexandra David-Neel" by Brian Haughton.]</ref>}}{{refn|"ALEXANDRA DAVID-NEEL, Daily Bleed Saint 2001–2008 First woman explorer of Tibet and its mysteries. Successively & simultaneously anarchist, singer, feminist, explorer, writer, lecturer, photographer, buddhist, architect, mail artist, sanskrit grammarian & Centenarian."<ref>[http://recollectionbooks.com/bleed/1024.htm "1868 – France: Alexandra David-Neel lives, Paris."] {{Wayback|url=http://recollectionbooks.com/bleed/1024.htm |date=20120718023730 }}</ref>}}
 
Es conocida principalmente por su visita a [[Lhasa]] ([[1924]]), capital del [[Tíbet]], ciudad prohibida a los extranjeros. Escribió más de 30 libros acerca de religiones orientales, filosofía y sus viajes. Sus enseñanzas fueron trasmitidas por sus principales amigos y discípulos: [[Yondgen]] y el francés [[Swami Asuri Kapila]] (Cesar Della Rosa). Sus obras han sido muy bien documentadas e influyeron en los escritores "[[beat generation|beat]]" [[Jack Kerouac]] y [[Allen Ginsberg]], así como en el filósofo [[Alan Watts]].