Wikipedia

Diferencia entre revisiones de «London Prize Ring Rules»

Explorar historial interactivamente
Ir a siguiente diferencia →
Contenido eliminado Contenido añadido
VisualWikitexto
NUEVO ART
 
+++
Línea 1:
{{enobras}}
[[Image:John L Sullivan.jpg|framed|111px|Las Reglas de ''London Prize Ring'' de 1743, fueron las primeras del boxeo, cuando solo se practicaba a puño limpio.]]
Las '''London Prize Ring rules''' (Reglas del Ring por Premio de Londres) fueron las primeras reglas del [[boxeo]] "a puño limpio". Fueron escritas en [[1743]] por el campeón británico [[Jack Broughton]], luego de que matara a un contrincante, George Stevenson, en [[1741]]. Broughton escribió originalmente siete reglas, que en 1838 fueron ampliadas a veintitrés reglas y en 1853 a veintinueve reglas. Las '''London Prize Ring rules''' rigieron hasta [[1867]] cuando se establecieron las [[Reglas de Queensberry]], que dieron origen al boxeo moderno con guantes.
Línea 11 ⟶ 10:
 
El estadounidense [[John L. Sullivan]] fue el último boxeador en ganar un campeonato mundial bajo las reglas de London Prize Ring, al vencer en [[1882]] a [[Paddy Ryan]] y fue el último en defender el título bajo esas reglas, al vencer en [[1889]] a [[Jake Kilrain]].
 
==Las reglas: síntesis==
 
The rules also allowed for a broad range of fighting including holds and throws of the opponent. Spiked shoes, within limits, were also allowed. Also included were provisions dealing with how wagers would be resolved if various events such as interference by the law, darkness, or cancellations occurred. In contrast with modern boxing rules based upon the [[Marquess of Queensberry rules]], a round ended with a man downed by punch or throw, whereupon he was given 30 seconds to rest and eight additional seconds to "come to scratch" or return to the centre of the ring where a "scratch line" was drawn and square off with his opponent once more.
Consequently, there were no round limits to fights.
 
When a man could not come to scratch, he would be declared loser and the fight would be brought to a halt. Fights could also end if broken up beforehand by crowd riot, police interference or chicanery, or if both men were willing to accept that the contest was a draw. While fights could have enormous numbers of rounds, the rounds in practice could be quite short with fighters pretending to go down from minor blows to take advantage of the 30-second rest period.
 
== Las reglas ==
Las siguientes son textualmente, las reglas de London Prize Ring:
 
#Que un cuadrado de una yarda se dibujado en el medio del escenario, y en cada recuperación (fresh set to) luego de una caída o ser arrojado fuera de los límites, cada Segundo deberá llevar a su Hombre al costado del cuadrado y ubicarlo frente al otro, y hasta que ellos estén limpiemente ubicadospreparados en las lineas, no será legal para uno golpear al otro.
 
#Que, en orden a prevenir cualquier disputa, el tiempo que un hombre reposa luego de una caída, si el Segundo no trae a su Hombre al costado del cuadrado, en el lapso de medio minuto, será considerado un Hombre vencido.
<!---
#Que en cada batalla importante, ninguna persona deberá estar sobre el escenario, excepto los Principales y sus Segundos, la misma regla debe ser observada
 
no person whatever shall be upon the Stage, except the Principals and their Seconds, the same rule to be observed in bye-battles, except that in the latter, Mr. Broughton is allowed to be upon the Stage to keep decorum, and to assist Gentlemen in getting to their places, provided always he does not interfere in the Battle; and whoever pretends to infringe these Rules to be turned immediately out of the house. Every body is to quit the Stage as soon as the Champions are stripped, before the set-to.
 
 
#That in every main Battle, no person whatever shall be upon the Stage, except the Principals and their Seconds, the same rule to be observed in bye-battles, except that in the latter, Mr. Broughton is allowed to be upon the Stage to keep decorum, and to assist Gentlemen in getting to their places, provided always he does not interfere in the Battle; and whoever pretends to infringe these Rules to be turned immediately out of the house. Every body is to quit the Stage as soon as the Champions are stripped, before the set-to.
 
#Que en cada batalla principal, ninguna persona deberá estar sobre el escenario, excepto los Principales y sus Segundos, la misma regla debe ser observada en las batallas secundarias, excepto que en las últimas, Mr. Broughton tiene permitido estar en el escenario para mantener el decoro, y para asistir a los caballeros para acceder a sus lugares, siempre cuidando de no interferir en la batalla; y quienquiera pretenda infringir estas reglas será expulsado inmediatamente de la casa. Todos deben dejar el escenario ni bien los campeones estén desvestidos, antes de la colocación para comenzar ("set-to").
#That no Champion be deemed beaten, unless he fails coming up to the line in the limited time, or that his own Second declares him beaten. No Second is to be allowed to ask his man’s Adversary any questions, or advise him to give out.
#That in bye-battles, the winning man to have two-thirds of the Money given, which shall be publicly divided upon the Stage, notwithstanding any private agreements to the contrary.
#That to prevent Disputes, in every main Battle the Principals shall, on coming on the Stage, choose from among the gentlemen present two Umpires, who shall absolutely decide all Disputes that may arise about the Battle; and if the two Umpires cannot agree, the said Umpires to choose a third, who is to determine it.
#That no person is to hit his Adversary when he is down, or seize him by the ham, the breeches, or any part below the waist. A man on his knees is to be reckoned down.
 
#Que ningún campeón será considerado vencido, salvo que no se ubique en la linea dentro del límite de tiempo, o que su propio Segundo lo declare vencido. A ningún segundo se le permitirá hacer preguntas a su Hombre, o aconsejarle rendirse.
== Modern Parallels ==
The development of these rules has since been mirrored in the evolution of modern 'No holds barred' competition into [[Mixed martial arts]].
 
#Que en las batallas secundarias, el ganador tendrá dos tercio del dinero reunido, que será publicamente dividido sobre el escenario, no admitiéndose ningún acuerdo privado con el contrario.
During the development of boxing, while some rules were added for the protection of the fighters, most rule changes such as the addition of gloves (which became thicker with time) were not added so much for the protection of the fighters, but rather to create more action in a typical fight.
 
#Que para prevenir disputas, en cada batalla principal los Principales elegirán, al subir al escenario, de entre los caballeros presentes dos Umpires (árbitros), que decidirán absolutamente todas las disputas que puedan surgir sobre la batalla; y si los dos Umpires no pueden ponerse de acuerdo, los referidos Umpires eligen a un tercero, quien debe resolver.
In the bare-knuckle era, fighters were unable to throw as many full-force punches without risking damage to their hands. Therefore, after a couple of rounds, the punches tended to be less forceful. The addition of gloves meant that the fighters could throw more hard punches without injury.
 
#Que ninguna persona debe golpear a su Adversario cuando está caído, o tomado del muslo (''ham''), o cualquier parte debajo de la cintura. Un hombre de rodillas debe ser considerado caído.
Ironically, the addition of gloves to boxing made it a much more violent sport than without. Modern boxers frequently suffer head trauma due to the repeated full-impact punching that the gloves are able to offer.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/1362290.stm Boxing injuries mimic Alzheimer's]</ref> Visually, [[mixed martial arts]] competitions may look more violent to the casual observer, with fights continuing on the ground, in truth it is actually safer for the competitors because the risk of head trauma from constant impacts is substantially lower<ref>[http://www.jssm.org/combat/1/18/v5combat-18.pdf Mixed Martial Arts and Boxing] - [[Johns Hopkins University]] School of Medicine, conducted a study titled “Incidence of Injury in Professional Mixed Martial Arts Competitions” published in the [[Journal of Sports Science and Medicine]] in July of 2006, reporting that “The lower knockout rates in MMA compared to boxing may help prevent brain injury in MMA events.”</ref>. This is demonstrated by the rarity of deaths and severe head trauma in regulated MMA competitions, while in boxing people die every year, and head trauma is a major concern, leading to physically debilitating illnesses such as [[Parkinson's Disease]].
 
Although modern commercial mixed martial arts competitions use some form of gloves (thickly padded [[Boxing gloves|boxing]] type for most stand-up styles such as in [[K-1|K1]] or a lighter fingerless version for those that include more grappling such as [[PRIDE Fighting Championships|Pride]] or [[UFC]]), another modern parallel with full contact bare-knuckle fighting can be found in [[Kyokushin]] karate, which uses no gloves or body padding in its highest level tournaments. Kyokushin fights differ in that fist or elbow strikes to the head are no longer allowed, although all forms of kicks and knee strikes are permitted, including to the head.
-->
==Fuentes==
===Referencias===
Obtenido de «https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/London_Prize_Ring_Rules»