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Línea 40:
Ejemplo de ello se incluyen tres Tesoros Nacionales arqueológicos: el [[espejo del Santuario Suda Hachiman]] que data del siglo V, el cual es una pobre copia del original chino, la [[Espada Inariyama]] de 471 ó 531 y la espada del túmulo de Eta Funayama que data del siglo V.<ref name="seeley-p17">{{Harvnb|Seeley|1991|p=17}}</ref><ref name="seeley-p24">{{Harvnb|Seeley|1991|p=24}}</ref> La abrupta transición de una falta de familiaridad con la escritura a la lectura y escritura de complejos trabajos en una lengua extranjera requirieron que los primeros textos japoneses fueran compuestos y leídos por gente del continente como Wani.<ref name="seeley-p6"/> La Espada Inariyama Sword es también el más viejo ejemplo del uso del [[man'yōgana]], un sistema de escritura que utiliza los caracteres chinos para representar el lenguaje japonés.<ref name="seeley-p23">{{Harvnb|Seeley|1991|p=23}}</ref> Poco después de la introducción de la escritura, los escribas fueron dirigidos hacia las provincias para «registrar eventos y reportar condiciones».<ref name="seeley-p8">{{Harvnb|Seeley|1991|p=8}}</ref><ref name="sakamoto-p3">{{Harvnb|Sakamoto|1991|p=3}}</ref>
 
Mientras la escritura en Japón estuvo limitada durante los siglos V y VI, el número de documentos locales se incrementaron hacia el siglo VII; aunque la mayoría de ellos se han perdido.<ref name="keally-historic"/><ref name="seeley-p40">{{Harvnb|Seeley|1991|p=40}}</ref> Para finales del siglo VII incrementó la dependencia cultural en China a causa de la lectura y la escritura, de forma particular en el gobierno y la religión, llegando a ser parte de la vida japonesjaponesa.<ref name="seeley-p40"/> Hubo dos factores que permitieron este desarrollo: comenzando con las [[Reformas Taika]] (645–649) y continuando con el [[código Asuka Kiyomihara]] (689) y los censos de 670 y 690, esto junto a la formación de una estado chino centralizado, requiriendo la necesidad de un amplio número de oficiales que fueran literatos y educados en, entre otros, textos confucianos en el ''Daigakuryo'' ("University") fundado bajo el [[Emperador Tenchi]].<ref name="seeley-p40"/> El segundo factor fue el incremento de popularidad del budismo, el cual había sido introducido en Japón a mediados del siglo VI y siendo fuertemente promovido por el [[Príncipe Shōtoku]] (574–622).<ref name="seeley-p40"/> The [[Sangyō Gisho]] ("Comentarios sobre los tres Sutras"), atribuido tradicionalmente al Príncipe Shōtoku, es el texto en japonés más antiguo existente de cualquier longitud.<ref name="seeley-p41">{{Harvnb|Seeley|1991|p=41}}</ref> El budismo requirió el estudio se sutras escritos en chino y el estado optó por la fundación de una oficina de copiado (''shakyōjo'') en 727.<ref group="nb">Probablemente mucho antes de esta fecha.</ref><ref name="seeley-p40"/> Los libros japoneses más antiguos son dos crónicas, [[Kojiki]] y [[Nihon Shoki]], que datan de principios del siglo VIII. Mientras la [[man'yōgana|ortografía fonogramática]] tuvo un auge durante el siglo VIII, no fue utilizada para la prosa larga. El [[kana]] moderno, así.como el [[hiragana]] y [[katakana]] se desarrollaron durante el [[período Heian]].<ref name="seeley-p55">{{Harvnb|Seeley|1991|p=55}}</ref>
 
== Estadísticas ==
Línea 229:
| accessdate = 2010-01-03}}</ref>
| {{center|—}}
| AgriculturalRegistros recordsde ofagricultura villagesde inlas thevillas en el {{nihongo|Tonamidistrito DistrictTonami|礪波郡}} ofde la[[Etchūprovincia ProvinceEtchū]]. ItEs isun arecurso valuablevalioso resourcepara forel theestudio studyde ofun anárea areabajo underla theley [[Ritsuryō]] law inen theel 8thsiglo toVIII 10thy centuryX.
| <span style="display:none">0751</span>[[NaraPeríodo periodNara]] andy [[HeianPeríodo PeriodHeian]], 751–901
| {{sort|rolledPergamino scrollenrollado|oneUn rolledúnico scrollrollo de pergamino}}
| <span style="display:none">Shiga Otsu Ishiyamadera</span>[[Ishiyama-dera]], [[Ōtsu, (Shiga)|Ōtsu]], [[ShigaPrefectura Prefecturede Shiga|Shiga]]
| {{center|—}}
|-
| {{nihongo|DocumentsDocumentos relatedrelacionados toal the priestsacerdote Enchin|円珍関係文書|enchin kankei monjo}}<ref>{{cite web
| last = Tokyo National Museum
| title = Letter (Documents related to the priest Enchin).
Línea 259:
}}
</ref>
| [[Enchin]] and othersy otros
| DocumentsDocumentos<ref group="nb">TheLos eightocho rolledrollos scrollsescritos areson:
#{{nihongo|LetterCarta writtenescrita bypor Enchin|円珍自筆書状|enchin jihitsu shojō}}, {{convert|31.2|–| x 56.1| cm|abbr=on}}.
#{{nihongo|Enchin'sDocumento de ordenación ordinationde DocumentEnchin|円珍戒牒|enchin kaichō}}, {{convert|29.3|–| x 192.0| cm|abbr=on}}.
#{{nihongo|DocumentDocumento Issuedemitido bypor theel MinistryMinistro ofde CivilNotificaciones AdministrationAdministrativas NotifyingCiviles thepara Appointmentel ofSeñalamiento de Enchin ascomo AttendantMonje MonkAsistente|円珍充内供奉治部省牒|enchin jūnai gubu jibu shōchō}}, {{convert|29.4|–| x 139.1| cm|abbr=on}}.
#{{nihongo|CertificateCertificado Issuedemitido bypor Governmentla HeadquartersSede inGubernamental en Dazaifu forpara Enchin|円珍大宰府公験|enchin dazaifu kugen}}, {{convert|31.2|–| x 56.1| cm|abbr=on}}., {{convert|27.8|–| x 39.3| cm|abbr=on}}.
#{{nihongo|CertificatesCertificados Issuedemitidos bypor Fuzhou forpara Enchin|円珍福州公験|enchin fukushū kugen}}, {{convert|31.2|–| x 56.1| cm|abbr=on}}., {{convert|30.5|–| x 134.0| cm|abbr=on}}.
#{{nihongo|OfficialDocumentos DocumentsOficiales IssuedEmitidos bypor Taizhou andy Wenzhou|円珍台州温州公験|enchin taishū unshū kugen}}, {{convert|30.0|–| x 338| cm|abbr=on}}.
#{{nihongo|OfficialRequerimiento RequestOficial frompara la Provincia de Sanuki Province|讃岐国司解|sanuki no kokushinoge}}, {{convert|30.3|–| x 266| cm|abbr=on}}.
#{{nihongo|RequestRequerimiento frompara the Ōtomoel Clan Ōtomo|大友氏屈請|ōtomoshi kusshō}}, {{convert|29.6|–| x 48.4| cm|abbr=on}}.
</ref> surroundingque contienen información sobre el viaje de [[Enchin]]'s trip toa China (953–958) containingsobre informationsus onactividades hisasí activitiescomo aslas wellrelaciones as on SinoSinto-JapaneseJaponesas relationsa inmediados thedel mid-9thsiglo centuryIX. TheyTambién arehay alsode ofinterés interestpor forel theestudio studyde ofla [[calligraphycaligrafía]].
| <span style="display:none">0800</span>[[HeianPeríodo PeriodHeian]] andy [[TangDinastía DynastyTang]], 9th–10thsiglo IX y centuryX.
| {{sort|rolledPergaminos scrollenrollados|eightOcho rolledpergaminos scrollsenrollados, inktinta onsobre paperpapel}}
| <span style="display:none">Tokyo Tokyo National Museum</span>[[TokyoMuseo NationalNacional Museumde Tokyo]], [[Tokyo]]
| [[File:Enchin letter.jpg|150px|alt=TextTexto inescrito roughen Chinesechino scriptque whichse isencuentra partiallyparcialmene fadeddifuminado.]]
|-
| {{nihongo|Decreto Imperial DecreeGarantizando Grantingel EcclesiasticalRango RankEclesiástico ofde Hōin Daikashō andy el Nombre PosthumousPóstumo Namede Chishō Daishi topara Enchin|円珍贈法印大和尚位並智証大師諡号勅書|enchin zō hōin daikashō inarabini chishō daishi shigō chokusho}}<ref>{{cite web
| title = Imperial Decree Granting Ecclesiastical Rank of Hōin Daikashō and Posthumous Name Chishō Daishi to Enchin
| publisher = [[Tokyo National Museum]]
Línea 283:
| language = Japanese/Chines/Korean/English/French
}}</ref><ref name="ntbook"/>
| [[Ono no Michikaze]] (transcriptiontranscripción), Fujiwara Hirofumi (composerescritor)
| LetterCarta promotingpromoviendo a [[Enchin]], theel teachermentor ofde Zōmyō, abbotabad ofde [[Enryaku-ji]], 36treinta yearsy afterseis hisaños deathdespués tode thesu highestmuerte ecclesiasticalpara rankel mayor rango eclesiástico: ''GreatGran MasterMaestro ofdel theSello Dharma Seal'' (Hōin Daikashō) andy grantingcongraciando thesu posthumousnombre namepóstumo: ''hishō Daishi''
| <span style="display:none">0927-12-27</span>[[HeianPeríodo periodHeian]], December 27, de diciembre de 927
| {{sort|rolledPergamino scrollenrollado|rolledPergamino scrollenrollado, inktinta onsobre decorativepapel paperdecorativo, {{convert|28.7| x| 156.9| cm|abbr=on}}.}}
| <span style="display:none">Tokyo Tokyo National Museum</span>[[TokyoMuseo NationalNacional Museumde Tokyo]], [[Tokyo]]
| [[File:Enchin decree.jpg|150px|alt=Text in bold Chinese script with red stamp marks under part of the text.]]
|-
| {{nihongo|MapMapa ofde Nukata-dera ''[[Shichidō garan|garan]]'' andy itssus vicinityalrededores|額田寺伽藍並条里図|Nukata-dera garan narabini jōri-zu}}<ref>{{cite web
| script-title=ja:額田寺伽藍並条里図
| trans_title = Map of Nukata-dera ''garan'' and its vicinity
Línea 299:
}}</ref>
| {{center|—}}
| AMapa mapmostrando showing aun [[Shōen]] oro manorfinca inen theel Naraperíodo periodNara. TheEl área depicteddescrita areatiene iscerca aboutde 1,100m (NS) bypor 700m (EWEO).
| <span style="display:none">0750</span>[[Naraperíodo periodNara]], secondsegunda halfmitad ofdel 8thsiglo centuryVIII.
| {{sort|otherOtros|fourcuatro linenlienzos clothsque whichforman togetherjuntos formun amapa de 2x2 mapde of {{convert|113.7| x| 72.5| cm|abbr=on}}.}}
| <span style="display:none">Chiba Sakura National Museum of Japanese History</span>[[NationalMuseo MuseumNacional ofde JapaneseHistoria HistoryJaponesa]], [[Sakura, (Chiba)|Sakura]], [[ChibaPrefectura Prefecturede Chiba|Chiba]]
| [[File:Nukata-dera map.jpg|150px|alt=Cloth divided into squares with labels. Part of the cloth is missing leaving holes in the fabric.]]
|-
| {{nihongo|NameNombre listde ofiniciados en [[Abhiseka]] initiates|灌頂歴名|kanjō rekimyō|}} oro ''ListLista ofde individualsindividuos admittedadmitidos intoen thelos mysteriesmisterios ofdel ShingonBudismo BuddhismShingon''<ref name="ntbook"/><ref group="nb">AUna oneúnica rolled scrollcarta imperial letteren bypergamino escrito por el [[EmperorEmperador Go-Uda]] onsobre la dotación de thelas endowmentpropiedades ofdel templetemplo propertiesque isse attachedadjuntan toa thela nominationnominación.</ref>
| [[Kūkai]]
| ListLista ofde peoplepersonas andy deitiesdeidades whoque underwentparticiparon theen el ritual [[Abhiseka]] ritual at {{nihongo|[[Takaosan-ji]]|高雄山寺}} (nowahora [[Jingo-ji]]) inen 812, presidedpresedido bypor Kūkai
| <span style="display:none">0812</span>[[Heianperíodo periodHeian]], 812
| {{sort|rolledPergamino scrollenrollado|rolledPergamino scrollenrollado, inktinta onsobre paperpapel, {{convert| 29.0| x| 268.4| cm|abbr=on}}.}}
| <span style="display:none">Kyoto Kyoto Jingoji</span>[[Jingo-ji]], [[Kyoto]]
| [[File:Name List of Abhiseka.jpg|150px|alt=Text in Chinese characters written in very rough style like notes.]]
|-
| {{nihongo|OfficialRegistro RegisterOficial ande InventoryInventario forpara Kanshin-ji|観心寺縁起資財帳|Kanshin-ji engi shizaichō}}<ref>{{cite web
| script-title=ja:観心寺縁起資財帳
| trans_title = Official Register and Inventory for Kanshinji
Línea 322:
}}</ref>
| {{center|—}}
| Documento que contiene la razón y circunstancias para el establecimiento del templo Kanshin-ji y una lista de los activos del templo en esa época.
| Document containing the reason and circumstances of the establishment of Kanshin-ji temple and a list of the temple's assets from that time
| <span style="display:none">0883-09-15</span>[[Heianperíodo periodHeian]], September 15, de septiembre de 883
| {{sort|rolledPergamino scrollenrollado|oneUn rolledúnico scrollpergamino enrollado}}
| <span style="display:none">Osaka Kawachinagano Kanshinji</span>[[Kanshin-ji]], [[Kawachinagano, (Osaka)|Kawachinagano]], [[OsakaPrefectura Prefecturede Osaka|Osaka]]
| [[File:Inventory for Kanshinji.jpg|150px|alt=Carefully written text in Chinese script on dark brown paper with red stamp marks and lines.]]
|-
| {{nihongo|InventoryInventario ofde Kanzeon-ji|観世音寺資財帳|kanzeonji shizaichō}}<ref>{{cite web
| script-title=ja:観世音寺資財帳
| trans_title = Inventory of Kanzeon-ji
Línea 337:
}}</ref>
| {{center|—}}
| InventoryInventario ofde [[Kanzeon-ji]]
| <span style="display:none">0905-10-01</span>[[Heianperíodo periodHeian]], October 1, de octubre de 905
| {{sort|rolledPergamino scrollenrollado|threeTres rolledpergaminos scrollsenrollados, inktinta onsobre paperpapel: {{convert| 29.0| x| 581.5| cm|abbr=on}}., {{convert|29.0| x| 936.0| cm|abbr=on}}., {{convert|29.0| x| 682.5| cm|abbr=on}}.}}
| <span style="display:none">Tokyo Tokyo University of the Arts</span>[[TokyoUniversidad Universityde ofArtes thede ArtsTokyo]], [[Tokyo]]
| [[File:Inventory of Kanzeon-ji.jpg|150px|alt=Text in Chinese characters on lined paper with red stamp marks.]]
|-
| {{nihongo|DraftBorrador ofpara thela petitionpetición ofde foundationla offundación de Zenrin-ji bypor el [[EmperorEmperador Kameyama]]|亀山天皇宸翰禅林寺御起願文案|Kameyama-tennō shinkan zenrinji gokigan mon'an}}<ref group="nb">One boundUn registrationregistro bookempastado {{nihongo||南禅寺領諸国所々紛失御判物帖|}} isse attachedabjunta toa thela nominationnominación.</ref>
| [[EmperorEmperador Kameyama]]
| DocumentDocumento onsobre thela foundationfundación ofde [[Nanzen-ji]], formerly formalmente{{nihongo|Zenrin-ji|禅林寺}}
| <span style="display:none">1299-03-05</span>[[Kamakuraperíodo periodKamakura]], March 5, de marzo de 1299
| {{sort|rolledPergamino scrollenrollado|oneUn rolledúnico scrollpergamino enrollado}}
| <span style="display:none">Kyoto Kyoto Nanzenji</span>[[Nanzen-ji]], [[Kyoto]]
| {{center|—}}
|-
| {{nihongo|VisitVisita ofdel theEmperador [[Cloistered rule|cloistered]] Emperor toa Kumano|熊野御幸記|kumano gokōki}}<ref>{{cite web
| title = Collection
| publisher = [[Mitsui Memorial Museum]]
Línea 359:
}}</ref>
| [[Fujiwara no Teika]]
| DiaryDiario inen [[classicalchino Chineseclásico]] ofde auna visitvisita withcon el [[EmperorEmperador Go-Toba]] andy [[Minamoto no Michichika]] toa {{nihongo|Kumano|熊野}}
| <span style="display:none">1201-10</span>[[Kamakuraperíodo periodKamakura]], Octoberoctubre, 1201
| {{sort|rolledPergamino scrollenrollado|oneUn rolledúnico scrollpergamino enrollado, inktinta onsobre paperpapel, {{convert|30.1| x| 678.0| cm|abbr=on}}.}}
| <span style="display:none">Tokyo Tokyo Mitsui Memorial Museum</span>[[MitsuiMuseo MemorialMemoral MuseumMitsui]], [[Tokyo]]
| [[File:Visit of the cloistered Emperor to Kumano.jpg|150px|alt=Text in Chinese script in rough handwriting like notes.]]
|-
| {{nihongo|DiaryDiario ofdel ex-[[EmperorEmperador Go-Uda]]|後宇多院宸記|Go-Uda-in shinki}}<ref>{{cite web
| title = The Function of Medieval Temples and Monasteries
| work = REKIHAKU Special Exhibition 2002
Línea 372:
| url = http://www.rekihaku.ac.jp/english/exhibitions/project/o021001.html
}}</ref>
| [[EmperorEmperador Go-Uda]]
| ChronicleCrónica inen theel almanaque {{nihongo||具注暦|guchūreki}} almanacsobre inla thepropia emperor'sescritura owndel handwritingemperador.
| <span style="display:none">1319</span>[[Kamakuraperíodo periodKamakura]], 1319
| {{sort|rolledPergamino scrollenrollado|oneUn rolledúnico scrollpergamino enrollado}}
| <span style="display:none">Chiba Sakura National Museum of Japanese History</span>[[NationalMuseo MuseumNacional ofde JapaneseHistoria HistoryJaponesa]], [[Sakura, (Chiba)|Sakura]], [[ChibaPrefectura Prefecturede Chiba|Chiba]]
| [[File:Go-Uda in shinki.jpg|150px|alt=Text in Chinese script on lined paper. Part of the text or annotations are in red ink, while most is black.]]
|-
Línea 395:
| [[Emperor Go-Uda]]
| Testament of [[Emperor Go-Uda]] with handprints
| <span style="display:none">1308</span>[[Kamakuraperíodo periodKamakura]], 1308
| {{sort|rolled scroll|one rolled scroll, ink on paper, {{convert|54.5|x|788.8|cm|abbr=on}}}}
| <span style="display:none">Kyoto Kyoto Daikakuji</span>[[Daikaku-ji]], [[Kyoto]]
Línea 409:
| [[Emperor Go-Uda]]
| Imperial letter praying for the growth of [[Tō-ji]] temple, written in the emperor's own handwriting one year after entering the priesthood
| <span style="display:none">1308-02-12</span>[[Kamakuraperíodo periodKamakura]], February 12, de febrero de 1308
| {{sort|rolled scroll|one rolled scroll}}
| <span style="display:none">Kyoto Kyoto Toji</span>[[Tō-ji]], [[Kyoto]]
Línea 430:
| [[Emperor Go-Uda]]
| Three letters in the emperor's own handwriting addressed to a monk of {{nihongo|Hōon-in|報恩院}}, [[Daigo-ji]], with the intention of unifying the Ono (小野) and Hirosawa (広沢) branches of the [[Shingon Buddhism|Shingon]] sect
| <span style="display:none">1309</span>[[Kamakuraperíodo periodKamakura]], 1309
| {{sort|rolled scroll|three letters mounted on a rolled scroll, {{convert|32.8|x|347.2|cm|abbr=on}}}}
| <span style="display:none">Kyoto Kyoto Daigoji</span>[[Daigo-ji]], [[Kyoto]]
Línea 444:
| [[Emperor Go-Saga]]
| Only extant letter of Emperor Go-Saga, addressed to the cloistered Prince Doshin of Ninna-ji
| <span style="display:none">1246-04-15</span>[[Kamakuraperíodo periodKamakura]], April 15, de abril de 1246
| {{sort|hanging scroll|one [[kakemono|hanging scroll]]}}
| <span style="display:none">Kyoto Kyoto Ninnaji</span>[[Ninna-ji]], [[Kyoto]]
Línea 452:
| [[Emperor Go-Daigo]]
| Will in the emperor's own handwriting
| <span style="display:none">1333-08-24</span>[[Kamakuraperíodo periodKamakura]], August 24, de agosto de 1333
| {{sort|hanging scroll|one [[kakemono|hanging scroll]]}}
| <span style="display:none">Kyoto Kyoto Daitokuji</span>[[Daitoku-ji]], [[Kyoto]]
Línea 472:
| <span style="display:none">Emperor Go-Daigo</span>transcription by [[Emperor Go-Daigo]]
| Certificate of highest confirmation in [[Esoteric Buddhism]] given by the priest [[Kūkai]] to his disciple Shinga
| <span style="display:none">1339-06-16</span>[[período Nanboku-chō period]], June 16, d junio de 1339
| {{sort|rolled scroll|one rolled [[scroll]], ink on decorated paper, {{convert|32.0|x|122.2|cm|abbr=on}}}}
| <span style="display:none">Kyoto Kyoto Daigoji</span>[[Daigo-ji]], [[Kyoto]]
Línea 480:
| [[Emperor Go-Toba]]
| Will and testament in the emperor's own handwriting with handprints
| <span style="display:none">1239-02-09</span>[[Kamakuraperíodo periodKamakura]], February 9, de febrero de 1239
| {{sort|scroll|one [[kakemono|hanging scroll]]}}
| <span style="display:none">Osaka Shimamoto Minase Shrine</span>[[Minase Shrine]], [[Shimamoto, Osaka|Shimamoto]], [[Osaka Prefecture|Osaka]]
Línea 488:
| [[Fujiwara no Moromichi]] (also known as Go-Nijō Dono) and [[Fujiwara no Yorinaga]] (transcription)
| Diary of Fujiwara no Moromichi consisting of one volume in his own handwriting covering parts of the year 1093 and 29 volumes transcribed by Fujiwara no Yorinaga
| <span style="display:none">1083</span>late [[Heianperíodo periodHeian]], 1083–1099
| {{sort|rolled scroll|30 rolled [[scroll]]s}}
| <span style="display:none">Kyoto Kyoto Yomei Bunko</span>[[Yōmei Bunko]], [[Kyoto]]
Línea 501:
| [[Fujiwara no Michinaga]]
| Diary of Fujiwara no Michinaga consisting of 14 volumes in his own handwriting and 12 other volumes. It covers the years from 998 to 1021 with interruptions.
| <span style="display:none">0998</span>[[Heianperíodo periodHeian]], 998–1021
| {{sort|rolled scroll|26 rolled [[scroll]]s, ink on paper}}
| <span style="display:none">Kyoto Kyoto Yomei Bunko</span>[[Yōmei Bunko]], [[Kyoto]]
Línea 509:
| {{center|—}}
| Catalogue of treasures and historical record of [[Kōryū-ji]]
| <span style="display:none">0794</span>[[Heianperíodo periodHeian]]
| {{sort|rolled scroll|one rolled [[scroll]]}}
| <span style="display:none">Kyoto Kyoto Koryuji</span>[[Kōryū-ji]], [[Kyoto]]
Línea 517:
| {{center|—}}
| Authentic register of property changes of [[Kōryū-ji]] temple
| <span style="display:none">0794</span>[[Heianperíodo periodHeian]]
| {{sort|rolled scroll|one rolled [[scroll]]}}
| <span style="display:none">Kyoto Kyoto Koryuji</span>[[Kōryū-ji]], [[Kyoto]]
Línea 535:
| [[Saichō]]
| Catalogue of articles brought back to Japan by [[Kūkai]] from his trip to [[Tang Dynasty]] China
| <span style="display:none">0800</span>[[Heianperíodo periodHeian]], 9thsiglo centuryIX
| {{sort|rolled scroll|one rolled [[scroll]], ink on paper, {{convert|27.0|x|885.0|cm|abbr=on}}}}
| <span style="display:none">Kyoto Kyoto Toji</span>[[Tō-ji]], [[Kyoto]]
Línea 550:
| [[Kūkai]]
| Three letters from [[Kūkai]] to [[Saichō]] mounted as a scroll
| <span style="display:none">0800</span>[[Heianperíodo periodHeian]], 9thsiglo centuryIX
| {{sort|rolled scroll|one rolled [[scroll]], ink on paper, {{convert|28.8|x|157.9|cm|abbr=on}}}}
| <span style="display:none">Kyoto Kyoto Toji</span>[[Tō-ji]], [[Kyoto]]
Línea 560:
| [[Emperor Takakura]]
| Only extant letter of Emperor Takakura
| <span style="display:none">1178-11-13</span>[[Heianperíodo periodHeian]], November 13, de noviembre de 1178
| {{sort|hanging scroll|one [[kakemono|hanging scroll]]}}
| <span style="display:none">Kyoto Kyoto Ninnaji</span>[[Ninna-ji]], [[Kyoto]]
Línea 575:
| [[Emperor Saga]]
| Document in the emperor's own handwriting to the priest {{nihongo|Kōjō|光定}}, after his vow to follow the precepts, certifying that Kōjō had undergone the rite known as Bosatsu-kai
| <span style="display:none">0823-04-14</span>[[Heianperíodo periodHeian]], April 14, de abril de 823
| {{sort|rolled scroll|one rolled [[scroll]], ink on paper, {{convert|37.0|x|148.0|cm|abbr=on}}}}
| <span style="display:none">Shiga Otsu Enryakuji</span>[[Enryaku-ji]], [[Ōtsu, Shiga|Ōtsu]], [[Shiga Prefecture|Shiga]]
Línea 590:
| [[Emperor Hanazono]], [[Emperor Fushimi]], [[Emperor Go-Daigo]]
| {{center|—}}
| <span style="display:none">1265</span>[[Kamakuraperíodo periodKamakura]], 13thsiglo andXIII 14thy centuryXIV.
| {{sort|rolled scroll|two rolled [[scroll]]s; 1st scroll: twelve letters by Emperor Hanazono, 2nd scroll: ten letters by Emperor Go-Daigo and two letters by Emperor Fushimi}}
| <span style="display:none">Tokyo Maeda Ikutokukai</span>[[Maeda Ikutokukai]], [[Tokyo]]
Línea 598:
| [[Ryōgen]] (Jie Daishi)
| Written by the 61 year old priest [[Ryōgen]], entrusting everything to his pupil {{nihongo|Jinzen|尋禅}}. Contains detailed instructions on the funeral service
| <span style="display:none">0972-05</span>[[Heianperíodo periodHeian]], Maymayo, 972
| {{sort|rolled scroll|one rolled [[scroll]]}}
| <span style="display:none">Kyoto Kyoto Rozanji</span>{{nihongo|[[Rozan-ji]]|廬山寺}}, [[Kyoto]]
Línea 614:
| {{center|—}}
| Family register of [[Kuga, Yamaguchi|Kuga]], [[Yamaguchi Prefecture|Yamaguchi]] from 908
| <span style="display:none">0908</span>[[Heianperíodo periodHeian]], 908
| {{sort|rolled scroll|one rolled [[scroll]]}}
| <span style="display:none">Shiga Otsu Ishiyamadera</span>[[Ishiyama-dera]], [[Ōtsu, Shiga|Ōtsu]], [[Shiga Prefecture|Shiga]]
Línea 629:
| {{center|—}}
| Collection of documents handed down in the [[Uesugi clan]]
| <span style="display:none">1185</span>[[Kamakuraperíodo periodKamakura]] – [[Edoperíodo periodEdo]]
| {{sort|various|bundle/batch of 2018 letters, 4 bound books and 26 bound {{nihongo|double-leaved|袋とじ|fukuro-toji}} books}}
| <span style="display:none">Yamagata Yonezawa Yonezawa City Uesugi Museum</span>Yonezawa City Uesugi Museum, [[Yonezawa, Yamagata|Yonezawa]], [[Yamagata Prefecture|Yamagata]]
Línea 648:
| {{center|—}}
| Catalogue of items offered to the temple treasures by [[Emperor Uda]] about ten days before his death
| <span style="display:none">0950-01-10</span>[[Heianperíodo periodHeian]], January 10 de enero, 950
| {{sort|rolled scroll|one rolled [[scroll]]}}
| <span style="display:none">Kyoto Kyoto Ninnaji</span>[[Ninna-ji]], [[Kyoto]]
Línea 656:
| [[Minamoto no Toshifusa]]
| Diary of [[Sadaijin]] [[Minamoto no Toshifusa]] in his own handwriting
| <span style="display:none">1077</span>[[Heianperíodo periodHeian]], 1077 andy 1081
| {{sort|rolled scroll|two rolled [[scroll]]s: one for 1077, one for 1081}}
| <span style="display:none">Tokyo Maeda Ikutokukai</span>[[Maeda Ikutokukai]], [[Tokyo]]
Línea 669:
| [[Emperor Shōmu]]
| {{center|—}}
| <span style="display:none">0749-05-20</span>[[Naraperíodo periodNara]], May 20 de mayo, 749
| {{sort|rolled scroll|one rolled [[scroll]], ink on paper, {{convert|29.2|x|95.8|cm|abbr=on}}}}
| <span style="display:none">Shizuoka Makinohara Heiden</span>{{nihongo|[[Heiden-ji]]|平田寺}}, [[Makinohara, Shizuoka|Makinohara]], [[Shizuoka Prefecture|Shizuoka]]
Línea 684:
| [[Eisai]]
| Document on the origin and meaning of the [[Ghost Festival]] as transmitted from [[Song Dynasty]] China
| <span style="display:none">1178-07-15</span>[[Heianperíodo periodHeian]], July 15, de julio de 1178
| {{sort|rolled scroll|one rolled [[scroll]]}}, ink on colored paper, {{convert|35.3|x|154|cm|abbr=on}}
| <span style="display:none">Fukuoka Fukuoka Seiganji</span>{{nihongo|[[Seigan-ji]]|誓願寺}}, [[Fukuoka]], [[Fukuoka Prefecture|Fukuoka]]
Línea 692:
| [[Shunjō]]
| Document on the origins of Sennyū-ji temple
| <span style="display:none">1221-10</span>[[Kamakuraperíodo periodKamakura]], OctoberOctubre de 1221
| {{sort|rolled scroll|one rolled [[scroll]], ink on paper, {{convert|40.6|x|296.0|cm|abbr=on}}}}
| <span style="display:none">Kyoto Kyoto Sennyuji</span>[[Sennyū-ji]], [[Kyoto]]
Línea 719:
| [[Kūkai]]
| Document accompanying the present of four [[Tanuki]] hair writing brushes to [[Emperor Saga]]. According to this document, the brushes were meant to be used for [[regular script|regular]], [[semi-cursive script|semi-cursive]], [[Cursive script (East Asia)|cursive script]] and for the hand-copying of sutras respectively.
| <span style="display:none">0794</span>[[Heianperíodo periodHeian]]
| {{sort|rolled scroll|one rolled [[scroll]], {{convert|27.6|x|65.8|cm|abbr=on}}}}
| <span style="display:none">Kyoto Kyoto Daigoji</span>[[Daigo-ji]], [[Kyoto]]
Línea 750:
#Three documents in his own handwriting
#Nine dated and signed messages</ref>
| <span style="display:none">0794</span>[[TangDinastía DynastyTang]], [[Heianperíodo periodHeian]]
| {{sort|various|various}}
| <span style="display:none">Shiga Otsu Miidera</span>[[Mii-dera]], [[Ōtsu, Shiga|Ōtsu]], [[Shiga Prefecture|Shiga]]
Línea 765:
| {{sort|Saichō|attributed to [[Saichō]]}}
| Letter addressed to the Imperial Court wishing for an increase of the number of people allowed to enter the priesthood from 10 to 12 per year due to the establishment of [[Tendai]] Buddhism
| <span style="display:none">0800</span>[[Heianperíodo periodHeian]], 9thsiglo centuryIX.
| {{sort|rolled scroll|one rolled [[scroll]], ink on paper, {{convert|28.9|x|340.3|cm|abbr=on}}}}
| <span style="display:none">Shiga Otsu Enryakuji</span>[[Enryaku-ji]], [[Ōtsu, Shiga|Ōtsu]], [[Shiga Prefecture|Shiga]]
Línea 793:
| {{center|—}}
| Three letters on [[Saichō]] entering priesthood and his vow to follow the precepts
| <span style="display:none">0780</span>[[Naraperíodo periodNara]], 780–783
| {{sort|rolled scroll|one rolled [[scroll]]}}
| <span style="display:none">Kyoto Kyoto Raigoin</span>{{nihongo|[[Raigō-in]]|来迎院}}, [[Kyoto]] ([[Sakyō-ku, Kyoto|Sakyō-ku]])
Línea 801:
| {{center|—}}
| [[Tang Dynasty]] passing permits for [[Saichō]]: from [[Ningbo]] in 804 and from [[Taizhou, Zhejiang|Taizhou]] in 805
| <span style="display:none">0804-09-12</span>[[TangDinastía DynastyTang]], September 12, de septiembre de 804 andy febrero Februaryde 805
| {{sort|rolled scroll|one rolled [[scroll]], {{convert|39.7|x|134.2|cm|abbr=on}}}}
| <span style="display:none">Shiga Otsu Enryakuji</span>[[Enryaku-ji]], [[Ōtsu, Shiga|Ōtsu]], [[Shiga Prefecture|Shiga]]
Línea 825:
| [[Saichō]]
| Letter known as {{nihongo|Kykaku-jō|久隔帖}} from [[Saichō]] to {{nihongo|[[Taihan]]|泰範}}, his favourite student at {{nihongo|[[Takaosan-ji]]|高雄山寺}} (now [[Jingo-ji]])
| <span style="display:none">0813-11-25</span>[[Heianperíodo periodHeian]], November 25, de noviembre de 813
| {{sort|hanging scroll|one [[kakemono|hanging scroll]], {{convert|29.2|x|55.2|cm|abbr=on}}}}
| <span style="display:none">Nara Nara Nara National Museum</span>[[Nara National Museum]], [[Nara, Nara|Nara]]
Línea 833:
| <span style="display:none">Fujiwara no Yukinari</span>attributed to [[Fujiwara no Yukinari]]
| Letter valued for its continuous unbroken [[calligraphy]]
| <span style="display:none">1000</span>[[Heianperíodo periodHeian]], 10th–11thsiglo X y centuryXI.
| {{sort|hanging scroll|one [[kakemono|hanging scroll]], {{convert|28.2|x|420.0|cm|abbr=on}}}}
| <span style="display:none">Kyoto Kyoto Kyukyodo</span>{{nihongo|[[Kyūkyodō]]|鳩居堂}}, [[Kyoto]]
Línea 848:
| {{center|—}}
| Huge collection of documents covering a lot of ground starting from [[Shōen]] or manor related documents and including documents on the economic history and the history of Buddhism
| <span style="display:none">0700</span>8thsiglo centuryVIII del [[Naraperíodo periodNara]] – latefinales del [[Edoperíodo periodEdo]]
| {{sort|various|bundle/batch of 24,067 items including 3,863 rolled [[scroll]]s, 1172 bound {{nihongo|double-leaved|袋とじ|fukuro-toji}} books, six bound books, 67 [[kakemono|hanging scrolls]], 13,695 single-sheet letters}}
| <span style="display:none">Kyoto Kyoto Kyoto Prefectural Library and Archives</span>{{nihongo|[[Kyoto Prefectural Library and Archives]]|京都府立総合資料館}}, [[Kyoto]]
Línea 856:
| {{center|—}}
| Collection of documents on the history of Tōdai-ji temple
| <span style="display:none">0794</span>[[Heianperíodo periodHeian]] – [[Muromachiperíodo periodMuromachi]]
| {{sort|various|100 rolled [[scroll]]s (with 979 mounted letters), 8,516 single-sheet letters}}
| <span style="display:none">Nara Nara Todaiji</span>[[Tōdai-ji]], [[Nara, Nara|Nara]]
Línea 873:
| [[Fujiwara no Sukemasa]]/Sari
| Written from [[Shimonoseki]] on the way to [[Kyushu]] where Sasaki had been appointed {{nihongo|Dazai no Daini|太宰大弐}} (Assistant secretary of Dazaifu Province). Addressed to {{nihongo|Fujiwara no Sanenobu|藤原誠信}}.
| <span style="display:none">0991</span>[[Heianperíodo periodHeian]], 991
| {{sort|hanging scroll|one [[kakemono|hanging scroll]], ink on paper, {{convert|64.6|x|31.7|cm|abbr=on}}}}
| <span style="display:none">Tokyo Hatakeyama Memorial Museum of Fine Art</span>[[Hatakeyama Memorial Museum of Fine Art]], [[Tokyo]]
Línea 890:
| [[Fujiwara no Tadamichi]]
| Collection of 25 letters composed as a style manual for letter writing
| <span style="display:none">1100</span>[[Heianperíodo periodHeian]], 12thsiglo centuryXII.
| {{sort|hanging scroll|one [[kakemono|hanging scroll]], ink on paper, {{convert|31.2|x|980.3|cm|abbr=on}}}}
| <span style="display:none">Kyoto Kyoto Kyoto National Museum</span>[[Kyoto National Museum]], [[Kyoto]]
Línea 914:
| {{center|—}}
| Granite stone monument in remembrance of Atai Ide, governor of Nasu, consisting of a standing main stone with a hat stone. The main stone bears a [[Japanese calligraphy|calligraphic]] inscription (8 lines of 19 characters) which is influenced by the [[Northern Wei]] robust style.
| <span style="display:none">0699</span>[[período Asuka period]], end offinales thedel 7thsiglo centuryVII
| {{sort|other|inscription on stone, height without hat stone: {{convert|120|cm|abbr=on}}, width: {{convert|43.5|–|48|cm|abbr=on}}, hat stone 51&nbsp;cm x 51&nbsp;cm x 30&nbsp;cm (20.1&nbsp;in x 20.1&nbsp;in x 11.8&nbsp;in)}}
| <span style="display:none">Tochigi Otawara Kasaishi Shrine</span>{{nihongo|[[Kasaishi Shrine]]|笠石神社|kasaishi jinja}}, [[Ōtawara, Tochigi|Ōtawara]], [[Tochigi Prefecture|Tochigi]]
Línea 929:
| {{nihongo|Kanetane|兼胤}} (transcription of the original by [[Ennin]])
| Transcription of the 9th century original (lost) by Kanetane, a monk at {{nihongo|Chōraku-ji|長楽寺}}, [[Kyoto]]
| <span style="display:none">1291-10-26</span>[[Kamakuraperíodo periodKamakura]], October 26, de octubre de 1291 (postescrito scriptumpóstumo)
| {{sort|bound book|four bound books}}
| <span style="display:none">Gifu Motosu Ando Sekisan Goshi</span>private ({{nihongo|Andō Sekisan Gōshi Company|安藤積産合資会社|andō sekisan gōshi gaisha}}), [[Motosu, Gifu|Motosu]], [[Gifu Prefecture|Gifu]]
Línea 949:
| [[Shunjō]]
| Written by the priest Shunjō in the last month before his death for his student {{nihongo||心海|Shinkai}}
| <span style="display:none">1227-03-22</span>[[Kamakuraperíodo periodKamakura]], March 22, de marzo de 1227
| {{sort|hanging scroll|one [[kakemono|hanging scroll]]}}
| <span style="display:none">Kyoto Kyoto Sennyuji</span>[[Sennyū-ji]], [[Kyoto]]
Línea 978:
| [[Fujiwara no Tadachika]]
| Document requesting the restoration of [[Jingo-ji]] temple from [[Emperor Go-Shirakawa]]
| <span style="display:none">1185</span>earlyprincipios del [[Kamakuraperíodo periodKamakura]], beforeantes de 1192
| {{sort|rolled scroll|one rolled [[scroll]] with handprints}}
| <span style="display:none">Kyoto Kyoto Jingoji</span>[[Jingo-ji]], [[Kyoto]]
Línea 986:
| {{center|—}}
| Documents on the history, territory, function, etc. of [[Mount Kōya]] including letters by [[Minamoto no Yoritomo]], [[Minamoto no Yoshitsune]] and [[Saigyō Hōshi]]
| <span style="display:none">0794</span>[[Heianperíodo periodHeian]] – [[período Azuchi-Momoyama period]]
| {{sort|various|bundle/batch of 54/77/167 rolled [[scroll]]s and 0/6/9 bound {{nihongo|double-leaved|袋とじ|fukuro-toji}} books}}
| <span style="display:none">Wakayama Koya Kongobuji</span>[[Kongōbu-ji]], [[Kōya, Wakayama|Kōya]], [[Wakayama Prefecture|Wakayama]]
| [[File:Hokanshu.jpg|150px|alt=Japanese text, carefully written. The end of some columns end in squiggles.]]
|-
| {{nihongo|RecordRgistro ofdel Legado Imperial Bequestal to theTemplo Hōryū-ji temple|法隆寺献物帳|hōryūji kenmotsu chō}}<ref>{{cite web
| title = Record of Imperial Bequest to the Hōryū-ji
| work = emuseum
Línea 1000:
| language = Japanese/Chinese/Korean/English/French
}}</ref>
| [[Fujiwara no Nakamaro]], Fujiwara Nagate, Koma Fukushin, Kamo Tsunotari andy Kazuragi Henushi
| RecordRegistro ofde thelos objectsobjetos bequeathedlegados toal thetemplo [[Hōryū-ji]] templepor byla [[EmpressEmperatriz Kōken]] onluego occasionde ofla themuerte death ofdel [[EmperorEmperador Shōmu]]
| <span style="display:none">0756-07-08</span>[[Naraperíodo periodNara]], July 8, de julio de 756
| {{sort|rolledPergamino scrollenrollado|oneUn rolledúnico scrollpergamino enrollado, inktinta onsobre paperpapel {{convert|27.8| x| 70.6| cm|abbr=on}}.}}
| <span style="display:none">Tokyo Tokyo National Museum</span>[[TokyoMuseo NationalNacional Museumde Tokyo]], [[Tokyo]]
| [[File:Horyuji bequest.jpg|150px|alt=Text in carefully written Chinese script on a light paper with some yellow-brownish aging marks. Behind the text there are large stamps in red.]]
|-
| {{nihongo|TheEl Recordregistro ofde thela Clearluna Moonclara|明月記|meigetsuki}}<ref>{{cite web
| last = Shimosaka
| first = Mamoru
Línea 1015:
| accessdate = 2009-04-28
| url = http://www.kyohaku.go.jp/eng/dictio/data/shoseki/sadaie.htm#02
}}</ref><ref group="nb">AttachedAbjuntados toa thela nominationnominación arese one scroll of aencuentran supplementaryun manuscript,pergamino andde 10un pagesmanuscrito ofsuplementario they formerdiez bindingpáginas mountedempastadas onen oneun rolledúnico scrollpergamino.</ref>
| [[Fujiwara no Teika]]
| Diario escrito en chino clásico, narrando la vida del autor desde sus 18 años hasta su muerte.
| Comprehensive diary in [[classical Chinese]], covering the life of the author from age 18 to his death.
| <span style="display:none">1180</span>[[Kamakuraperíodo PeriodKamakura]], ca. 1180–1241
| {{sort|variousVarios|58Cincuenta rolledy [[scroll]]socho andpergaminos oneenrollados y un [[kakemono|hangingpergamino de scrollmano]]}}
| <span style="display:none">Kyoto Kyoto Reizeike Shiguretei Bunko</span>{{nihongo|[[Reizei-ke Shiguretei Bunko]]|冷泉家時雨亭文庫}}, [[Kyoto]] andy privatecolección collectionprivada
| [[File:Record of the clear moon.jpg|150px|alt=Japanese text on pink paper and red annotations to the text.]]
|-
| {{nihongo|LetterCarta ofde dismissaldespido bypor Rigen Daishi|理源大師筆処分状|rigen daishi hitsu shobunshō}}<ref>{{cite book
|script-title=ja:日本の仏敎を築いた人びと: その肖像と書
|trans_title = People who built Japanese Buddhism: portraits and writings
Línea 1037:
}}</ref>
| {{nihongo|[[Rigen Daishi]]|理源大師}}
| WrittenEscrito bypor theel priestsacerdote andy founderfundador ofdel [[Daigo-ji]] Rigen Daishi ({{nihongo|Shōbō|聖宝}})
| <span style="display:none">0907-06-02</span>[[Heianperíodo periodHeian]], June 2, de junio de 907
| {{sort|rolledPergamino scrollenrollado|oneUn rolledúnico scrollpergamino enrollado, {{convert|31.8| x| 45.0| cm|abbr=on}}.}}
| <span style="display:none">Kyoto Kyoto Daigoji</span>[[Daigo-ji]], [[Kyoto]]
| {{center|—}}
|-
| {{nihongo|ListLista ofde Ritualherramientas Implementspara ofrituales Esotericdel BuddhismBudismo andesotérico othery objectsotros broughtobjetos backque bytrajo thede Priestvuelta el sacerdote Saichō|羯磨金剛目録|katsuma kongō mokuroku}}<ref>{{cite web
| script-title=ja:羯磨金剛目録
| trans_title = List of Ritual Implements of Esoteric Buddhism and other objects brought back by the Priest Saichō
Línea 1052:
}}</ref>
| [[Saichō]]
| AnUn inventoryinventario ofde 66sesenta itemsy thatseis objetos que Saichō broughttrajo de backregreso fromde China andy storedconservó aten [[Enryaku-ji|Hiezan]] inen 805
| <span style="display:none">0811-07-17</span>[[Heianperíodo periodHeian]], July 17, de julio de 811
| {{sort|rolledPergamino scrollenrollado|oneUn rolledúnico scrollpergamino enrollado, {{convert|27.9| x| 37.0| cm|abbr=on}}.}}
| <span style="display:none">Shiga Otsu Enryakuji</span>[[Enryaku-ji]], [[Ōtsu, (Shiga)|Ōtsu]], [[ShigaPrefectura Prefecturede Shiga|Shiga]]
| [[File:List of Implements Saicho.jpg|150px|alt=About ten lines of text in Chinese script of different strength. There are about 30 red stamps underlying the text.]]
|-
| {{nihongo|[[EpistleEpístola]] toa [[Zhongfeng Mingben]]|与中峰明本尺牘|yochūhō myōhon sekitoku}}<ref>{{cite web
| script-title=ja:趙子昂書 (与中峰明本尺牘)
| trans_title = Zhao Mengfu (Epistle to Zhongfeng Mingben)
Línea 1073:
}}</ref>
| [[Zhao Mengfu]]
| LettersCartas toal the priestsacerdorte Zhongfeng Mingben (Chung Feng Ming Pen) inen theel styleestilo ofexpresivo de [[Wang Xizhi]] expressingdenotando Zhao Mengfu's deepun profundo amor lovey andrespeto respecta to Zhongfeng
| <span style="display:none">1300</span>[[YuanDinastía DynastyYuan]], 14thsiglo centuryXIV
| {{sort|boundLibro bookempastado|oneUn boundúnico booklibro withcon sixseis letterscartas, inktinta onsobre paperpapel, {{convert|35.1| x| 22.1| cm|abbr=on}},...}}
| <span style="display:none">Tokyo Tokyo Seikado Bunko Art Museum</span>[[SeikadōMuseo Bunkode ArtArte MuseumSeikadō Bunko]], [[Tokyo]]
| [[File:Epistle to Zhongfeng Mingben.jpg|150px|alt=Text in Chinese characters and two red stamps.]]
|-
| {{nihongo|MapMapa ofde ricecampos fieldsde inarroz en Naruto, [[Distrito Imizu District, (Toyama)|ImizuDistrito DistrictImizu]], [[EtchūProvincia ProvinceEtchū]]|越中国射水郡鳴戸村墾田図|Etchū no kuni imizu-gun naruto-mura konden-zu}}<ref>{{cite web
| script-title=ja:越 中国射水郡鳴戸村墾田図
| trans_title = Map of rice fields in Naruto village, Imizu District, Etchū Province
Línea 1088:
}}</ref>
| {{center|—}}
| MapMapa ofde ricecampos fieldsde inarroz en Naruto (today centralactualmente [[Takaoka, (Toyama)|Takaoka]]), auna formerantigua manorfinca ofdel feudo [[Tōdai-ji]]. The mapEl hadmapa beense inencuentra theen possessionposesión ofde Tōdai-ji.
| <span style="display:none">0759</span>[[Naraperíodo periodNara]], 759
| {{sort|otherOtros|unboundSin empastado, inktinta and lighty color onsobre linen clothlienzo, {{convert|79.8| x| 140.5| cm|abbr=on}}.}}
| <span style="display:none">Nara Nara Nara National Museum</span>[[NaraMuseo NationalNacional Museumde Nara]], [[Nara, Nara|Nara]], [[NaraPrefectura Prefecturede Nara|Nara]]
| [[File:Naruto map.jpg|150px|alt=Sheet with a line-drawing of a checkerboard. About half of all fields are labeled by Japanese or Chinese text.]]
|}