Diferencia entre revisiones de «Usos del suelo»

[[Archivo:Indiana Dunes Habitat Fragmentation.jpg|thumb|right|280px|Hábitat fragmentado por numerosos caminos cerca de [[Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore]].]]

 

 

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=== United States ===

In colonial America, few regulations existed to control the use of land, due to the seemingly endless amounts of it. As society shifted from rural to urban, public land regulation became important, especially to city governments trying to control industry, commerce, and housing within their boundaries. The first zoning ordinance was passed in [[New York City]] in 1916,<ref>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Village_of_Euclid,_Ohio_v._Ambler_Realty_Co.</ref><ref>Nolon, John R., [http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1505003 Local Land Use Control in New York: An Aging Citadel Under Siege] (July/Aug. 1992). New York State Bar Journal, p. 38, July–August 1992.</ref> and, by the 1930s, most states had adopted [[zoning]] laws.<ref>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoning</ref> In the 1970s, concerns about the environment and historic preservation led to further regulation.

 

 

Two major federal laws have been passed in the last half century that limit the use of land significantly. These are the [[National Historic Preservation Act of 1966]] (today embodied in 16 U.S.C. 461 et seq.) and the [[National Environmental Policy Act of 1969]] (42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.).

 

== Environment ==

Land use and [[land management]] practices have a major impact on [[natural resources]] including [[water]], [[soil]], [[nutrient]]s, [[plant]]s and [[animal]]s. Land use information can be used to develop solutions for natural resource management issues such as salinity and [[water quality]]. For instance, water bodies in a region that has been [[deforested]] or having erosion will have different water quality than those in areas that are [[forest]]ed. [[Forest gardening]], a plant-based food production system, is believed to be the oldest form of land use in the world.<ref>{{cite book|title=Forest Gardening|author=Robert Hart|year=1996|page=124|url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=N01940btQAQC&lpg=PA41&pg=PA124#v=onepage&q&f=false|quote=Forest gardening, in the sense of finding uses for and attempting to control the growth of wild plants, is undoubtedly the oldest form of land use in the world.}}</ref>

 

 

== Urban growth boundaries ==

The [[urban growth boundary]] is one form of land-use regulation. For example, Portland, Oregon is required to have an urban growth boundary which contains at least {{convert|20000|acre|km2}} of vacant land. Additionally, Oregon restricts the development of farmland. The regulations are controversial, but an economic analysis concluded that farmland appreciated similarly to the other land.<ref>Jaeker WG, Plantinga AJ (2007). [http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog/pdf/SR/SR1077-E.pdf How have Land-use regulations Affected Property Values in Oregon?] OSU Extension.</ref>

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== Véase también ==

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* [[Servidumbre (Derecho)]]