Usuario:Virum Mundi/Taller/Patrimonio/Templo de Júpiter (Jerusalén)
No confundir con
El Templo de Júpiter fue un templo pagano erigido alrededor de 135 d. C. por el emperador Adriano en la Aelia Capitolina, actual Ciudad Vieja de Jerusalén. Su importancia para Adriano se **** que nombre de XXXX en Jerusalén, tanto X como el Y emulaba XXX, si bien la elección del lugar habria tenido con toda probabilidad motivos político-religiosos, pues Adriano, de los emperadores más intolerantes con los judíos; tenía como objetivo atacar su fe y en última instancia expulsarlos de la ciudad.
Aunque la historia del templo esta íntimamente XX con la historia de la Aelia Capitolina (de ahí sunombre), no se sabe con certeza el lugar de su ubicación. Por sus similitudes arquitectónicas con otras estructuras, que actualmente informan algunos de los lugares sagrados del islam, además de un análisis arquitectónico de la parte sur del Monte del Templo, se ha sugerido recientemente que se encontraba donde actualmente está la mezquita de Al-Aqsa. En este caso, no podría ser el luger del Templo destrozado por Tito menos de siete décadas antes, pues se sabe que se
en honor del dios romano Júpiter
Aunque pocas pruebas existen de la existencia del templo. ni mucho menos de su aspecto (cabe XX del Templo de Júpiter en Roma), según XXX, el templo podría considerarse el magnum opus de Adriano (quien dedico la construcción de Aelia Capitolina tanto a los dioses como a su propia persona), Cuando Roma * el cristianismo en el siglo XXX, es probable que se convirtiera en una iglesia, y con la *** del islam en el siglo XXX, que queda hasta la actualidad.
https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-jerusalem-temple-mount-threshing-floor.htm
britannica
Aelia Capitolina, city founded in AD 135 by the Romans on the ruins of Jerusalem, which their forces, under Titus, had destroyed in AD 70. The name was given, after the Second Jewish Revolt (132–135), in honour of the emperor Hadrian (whose nomen, or clan name, was Aelius) as well as the deities of the Capitoline Triad (Jupiter, Juno, and Minerva). A sanctuary to Jupiter was built on the Temple Mount, and statues of Roman deities were erected in the city, in intentional violation of Old Testament law. The area was walled and a large foreign population imported; Jews were generally forbidden entrance to the city. The present walls of the Old City of Jerusalem follow the layout of the Roman walls. The name was used until Christianity became the official religion of the Roman Empire in the 4th century.
wiki
The foundation of Aelia Capitolina and the construction of a temple to Jupiter at the site of the former temple may have been one of the causes for the outbreak of the Bar Kokhba revolt in 132.
Aelia came from Hadrian's nomen gentile, Aelius, while Capitolina meant that the new city was dedicated to Jupiter Capitolinus, to whom a temple was built. The Latin name Aelia is the source of the much later Arabic term Īlyāʾ (إيلياء), a 7th-century Islamic name for Jerusalem.
The Roman emperor Hadrian decided to rebuild the city as a Roman colony, which would be inhabited by his legionaries. Hadrian's new city was to be dedicated to himself and certain Roman gods, in particular Jupiter.
https://www.ritmeyer.com/2014/12/02/the-temple-mount-during-the-roman-period/
After the Roman destruction of 70 A.D., the 10th Legion set up an encampment south of the Hippicus Tower on the Western Hill of Jerusalem. After nationalistic uprisings, Hadrian flattened the city and in 135 A.D. built a new one on its ruins and called it Aelia Capitolina. The major buildings in this city were the Damascus Gate in the north, a Temple of Aphrodite, two forums (market places) and there may have been a Temple of Jupiter on the Temple Mount.
The name Aelia was given in honor of the emperor’s family name, which was Aelius, while the name Capitolina honored the deities of the Capitoline triad: Jupiter, Juno and Minerva.
Hadrian’s actions precipitated the Revolt of Bar Kokhba (“Son of a Star”), which began in 132 AD. Some Jews regarded Bar Kokhba as the promised Messiah. Plans were made to rebuild the Temple and coins depicting it were struck. It is unclear how far these plans materialized. Following the suppression of the revolt in 135 AD, the pagan city of Aelia Capitolina became reality. A sanctuary to Jupiter may have been erected on the Temple Mount.
Some historical sources indicate that during this Roman period when Jerusalem was called Aelia Capitolina, a sanctuary to Jupiter was erected on the Temple Mount.
https://flaviusclaudiusjulianus.com/the-building-of-aelia-capitolina-the-pagan-jerusalem/
And in this city were built some prominent temples. A large temple of Jupiter and a large statue of the god along with a statue of the Emperor Hadrian stood on the Temple Mount where the Jewish second temple first stood and where the Muslim shrine Dome of the Rock in the foreground of this image now stands. And the Temple of Aphrodite stood on the exact spot where the Church of the Holy Sepulchre now stands in the western end of the walled city.
So that pretty much the way things would stay for the next 60 years odd till the year 130CE. And that was the year that the Emperor at that time Hadrian decided to build a new city at the same location. Hadrian had come to power in 117CE and was a pretty dynamic character travelling around the empire personally and overseeing construction projects. But this wouldn’t be a Jewish city in character anymore but a specifically much more Greco-Roman affair. And he called the new city Aelia Capitolina. The name Aelia was derived from Hadrian’s family name – Aelius. Capitolina was a nod to the Capitoline hill and the Temple dedicated to Jupiter on the site. Several important temples were built in the new city during its construction . A temple of Jupiter now stood in the prominent place where the Jewish Second Temple had been on the Temple Mount along with large statues of Jupiter and of Hadrian himself.
And Hadrian would also build a magnificent temple to Venus or Aphrodite in the city as well. Venus happened to be the family deity of Hadrians’s family and therefore he had a personal interest in the goddess. And Aphrodite also happened to be a special favourite goddess of the 10th legion that was now garrisoning the new city. So it made perfect sense to have a temple sacred to this particular goddess situated in the city. Unfortunately we don’t really have any eye witness accounts of what the Temple of Venus looked like, the structure and its dimensions and so on. We do know there was also a temple dedicated to the god Asclepius. And the new city was well laid out in Roman fashion with two wide streets running from north to south as well as others running east to west. So the new city quickly came to life but it was also effectively a military colony and what dominated the metropolis at the time was the large military camp of the garrison – the 10th Legion – stationed in the south of the city.
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https://followinghadrian.com/2014/11/05/exploring-aelia-capitolina-hadrians-jerusalem/
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Fountain of Qasim Pasha
https://www.ldolphin.org/domebase.html
https://www.pinterest.ca/pin/54887689183049179/
https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-jerusalem-temple-mount-threshing-floor.htm