Identifier: osirisegyptianre00budg (find matches)
Title: Osiris and the Egyptian resurrection;
Year: 1911 (1910s)
Authors: Budge, E. A. Wallis (Ernest Alfred Wallis), Sir, 1857-1934
Subjects: Osiris (Egyptian deity) Eschatology, Egyptian
Publisher: London, P. L. Warner New York, G. P. Putnam's sons
Contributing Library: Princeton Theological Seminary Library
Digitizing Sponsor: Internet Archive

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hapter LI I of the Book of the Dead. In this Chapter,which was written with the view of providing thedeceased with food, he is made to say : Let me direct my fields in Tetu (Busiris), and my crops in Anu (Heliopolis), let me live on bread made of white grain,** and beer made of red grain (barley), may there be given to me the victims of my father and mother as guardians of my door. The word I have here rendered victims is abtu ? J^ ^ X, ^ ^ ; • Formerly I translated it by ancestors, and compared it with theHebrew word for * fathers,^ but it seems that it israther to be connected with the idea of smiting, slaughtering, etc., an idea which is suggested by the determinative \\ . The word, no doubt, means sacri-fices,^ and the other determinatives, ^ J), indicate clearly that they were men and women, and the deceased1 See Third Egyptian Room (Wall-case 115), Nos. 35,289, 35,290. T Compare m J o V\ < a , slaughters (Papyrus of Nu, Chapter CXLVI, § XVI). Osiris and Human Sacrifice 221
Text Appearing After Image:
A Meroitic queen slaughtering prisoners of war.From a bas-relief at Nagaa. 222 Osiris and the Egyptian Resurrection seems to wish that victims may be sacrificed to him,even as they were for his father and mother. A tradition extant in the XlXth dynasty, andillustrated in the Book Am-Tuat (Division VII), alsoproves that the Egyptians believed human sacrifices tohave been made when Osiris himself was buried. Theillustrations on the tomb of Seti I represent the tombsof Tem, Khepera, Ra, and Osiris. At each end wesee a human head, and these, as Professor Masperosuggested many years ago, represent those of thevictims who were buried in the foundations of thegrave. The custom of resting the coffin, where a coffinis used at all, on human heads, is common in many partsof the Sudan.^ In Ashanti several persons are invariably put todeath after an earthquake, as a sacrifice to Sasabonsum,and houses which are rebuilt or repaired after an earth-quake are sprinkled or moistened with human blood.In

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