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== Direcciones especiales ==
{{Traducción}}
Existe direcciones con un significado especial en IPv6:<ref name=rfc5156>RFC 5156, ''Special-Use IPv6 Addresses'', M. Blanchett (April 2008)</ref>
<section begin=IPv6-special-address-blocks/><!-- This table is transcluded to other pages, like [[Reserved IP addresses]]. (see: [[Wikipedia:transclusion]]) -->
:{|class="wikitable"
|+ Special address blocks
|-
!Address block (CIDR)
!First address
!Last address
!Number of addresses
!Usage
!Purpose
|-
|{{IPaddr|::|0}}
|{{IPaddr|::}}
|{{IPaddr|ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff}}
|2<sup>128</sup>
|Routing
|Default route.
|-
|{{IPaddr|::|128}}
|{{IPaddr|::}}
|
|1
|Software
|Unspecified address.
|-
|{{IPaddr|::1|128}}
|{{IPaddr|::1}}
|
|1
|Host
|[[Loopback address]] to the local host.
|-
|{{IPaddr|::ffff:0:0|96}}
|{{IPaddr|::ffff:0.0.0.0}}
|{{IPaddr|::ffff:255.255.255.255}}
|[[Power of 2|2<sup>128−96</sup> = 2<sup>32</sup>]] = {{Val|4294967296}}<!-- This serves as an example of how the number of addresses are calculated. -->
|Software
|IPv4 mapped addresses.
|-
|{{IPaddr|::ffff:0:0:0|96}}
|{{IPaddr|::ffff:0:0.0.0.0}}
|{{IPaddr|::ffff:0:255.255.255.255}}
|2<sup>32</sup>
|Software
|IPv4 translated addresses.
|-
|{{IPaddr|64:ff9b::|96}}
|{{IPaddr|64:ff9b::0.0.0.0}}
|{{IPaddr|64:ff9b::255.255.255.255}}
|2<sup>32</sup>
|Global Internet
|IPv4/IPv6 translation.<ref name=rfc6052>{{Cite IETF|rfc=6052|title=IPv6 Addressing of IPv4/IPv6 Translators|author1=C. Bao|author2=C. Huitema|author3=M. Bagnulo|author4=M. Boucadair|author5=X. Li|date=October 2010|publisher=[[Internet Engineering Task Force]]}}</ref>
|-
|{{IPaddr|100::|64}}
|{{IPaddr|100::}}
|{{IPaddr|100::ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff }}
|2<sup>64</sup>
|Routing
|Discard prefix.<ref name=rfc6666>{{Cite IETF|rfc=6666|title=A Discard Prefix for IPv6|author1=N. Hilliard|author2=D. Freedman|date=August 2012|publisher=[[Internet Engineering Task Force]]}}</ref>
|-
|{{IPaddr|2001::|32}}
|{{IPaddr|2001::}}
|{{IPaddr|2001::ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff}}
|2<sup>96</sup>
|Global Internet
|[[Teredo tunneling]].
|-
|{{IPaddr|2001:20::|28}}
|{{IPaddr|2001:20::}}
|{{IPaddr|2001:2f:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff}}
|2<sup>100</sup>
|Software
|[[ORCHIDv2]].<ref name=rfc7343>{{Cite IETF|rfc=7343|title=An IPv6 Prefix for Overlay Routable Cryptographic Hash Identifiers Version 2 (ORCHIDv2)|author1=J. Laganier|author2=F. Dupont|publisher=[[Internet Engineering Task Force]]|date=September 2014}}</ref>
|-
|{{IPaddr|2001:db8::|32}}
|{{IPaddr|2001:db8::}}
|{{IPaddr|2001:db8:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff}}
|2<sup>96</sup>
|Documentation
|Addresses used in documentation and example source code.<ref name=rfc3849>{{Cite IETF|rfc=3849|title=IPv6 Address Prefix Reserved for Documentation|author1=G. Huston|author2=A. Lord|author3=P. Smith|date=July 2004|publisher=Network Working Group}}</ref>
|-
|{{IPaddr|2002::|16}}
|{{IPaddr|2002::}}
|{{IPaddr|2002:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff}}
|2<sup>112</sup>
|Global Internet
|The [[6to4]] addressing scheme (now deprecated).<ref name=rfc7526>{{Cite IETF|rfc=7526|bcp=196|title=Deprecating the Anycast Prefix for 6to4 Relay Routers|author1=O. Troan|editor=B. Carpenter|publisher=[[Internet Engineering Task Force]]|date=May 2015}}</ref>
|-
|{{IPaddr|fc00::|7}}
|{{IPaddr|fc00::}}
|{{IPaddr|fdff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff}}
|2<sup>121</sup>
|Private network
|[[Unique local address]].<ref name=rfc4193>{{Cite IETF|rfc=4193|title=Unique Local IPv6 Unicast Addresses|author1=R. Hinden|author2=B. Haberman|date=October 2005|publisher=Network Working Group}}</ref>
|-
|{{IPaddr|fe80::|10}}
|{{IPaddr|fe80::}}
|{{IPaddr|febf:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff}}
|2<sup>118</sup>
|Link
|[[Link-local address#IPv6|Link-local address]].
|-
|{{IPaddr|ff00::|8}}
|{{IPaddr|ff00::}}
|{{IPaddr|ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff}}
|2<sup>120</sup>
|Global Internet
|[[Multicast address#IPv6|Multicast address]].
|}<section end=IPv6-special-address-blocks/>
=== Direcciones Unicast ===
; Dirección indefinida
| |||